Valve for steam engines



G. GROENEWEGEN. VALVE FOR STEAM ENGINES. APPLICAT'I'ON FILED pEc.27. 1918.

Patented July M, i922.'

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STATES GIJSBERTUS GRQENEWEGEN, 0F DELFT, NETHERLANDS.

VALVE For. .ernaar ENGINES.

`Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 11, 1922.

Application filed December 27, 1918. Serial No. 268,488.

To all whom t 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, GIJsBnRTUs GROENE- wnGnN, a subject of the Kingdomof the Netherlands, residing at Delft, Netherlands, 7 Oude Delft, have invented a new and useful Improvement in or Relating to a Valve for Steam Engines, of which the following is a specification. f

My invention relates to valvesfor steam engines, and it has for its object toprovide a valve including a rotatable steam distributing device and a valve liner movably associated with the same, such members being provided with ports arranged so that by adjusting the valve liner, steam will be fed through the valve gear in one direction or the other to effect a movement of an engine in one direction or the other.

l will describe one form of valve embodying my invention, and will point out the novel features thereof in claims.

,In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a view showing in longitudinal section one form of valve embodying my invention.

f Figs. 2 and 3 are views of the valve shown in Fig. 1 with the valve and valve liner in the position to eiect a` forward movement of an engine. l i

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing the parts in position to effect a reversemove- Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the parts in posit-ion to effect the stoppage of an engine.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates an engine cylinder at the side of which is disposed a steam distributing chamber 2.

The chamber 2 is provided with ports 3 and 4 which effect communication between the cylinder 1 and the chamber for admitting steam to the opposite ends of the cylinder, and to thus effect a reciprocation of the piston in the usual manner. One end of the chamber 2 is closed by an end piece 5 which is-.provded with a bushing 6. The other end of the` chamber 2 'is closed by a removable cover 7, which also carries a bushing 8.

VAs shown in Fig. 1, the chamber 2 is divided into three compartments or chambers 11, 12 andrljbymeans of the partitions or walls 9 andl 10.y By virtue of this construction, the ports 3 and 4V open in the intermediate compartment 12 at opposite points. i

As shown in Fig. 2, the partitions 14 and` 15 divide t-he ports 3 and 4 into two separate passages 16 Vand 17, and 18 and 19, respectively.

rlhe steam supply is connected to the end chamber 11, while the exhaust pipe is connected to the chamber 18.

rlfhe walls 9 and 10 form a casing in which is rotatably mounted a` valve liner 20. To effect a steam tight joint between the valve liner 20 and the walls 9 and 10, the inner edges of the latter are enlarged as shown in F ig. l, and the wall 9 is provided with a flange 21 against which the liner 20 is adapted to snugly tit.

rllhe valve liner 20 is formed at diametrically opposite points with openings or ports 24 or 25, such ports controlling the passage of steam to and from the passages 16, 17, etc. One end of the valve liner 20 projects beyond the wall 10 and has secured thereto a ring 23 to which is Xed an arm 27 carrying a boss 28. Formed integral with the boss 28 and projecting from the chamber 2 is a. shaft 29, the center line of which coincides with the center line of the valve liner. By virtue of this arrangement, the valve liner 2O may be manually operated by means of the shaft 29. The boss 28 forms a bearing for one end of the shaft 31, such shaft extending axially through the chamber 2 and'passing through the bushing 6. The shaft 31 is connected to the crank shaft of an engine in such manner that it rotates at the same speed as the engine, Fixed to the shaft 31 is a cylindrical valve or steam distributing device 32 which is provided with openings or ports 33 and arranged at .points diametrically opposite one another (Fig. 2) and which are separated by a wall 35 in such a way, that the opening constantly communicates with the steam supply, whereas the opening 34 permanently communicates with the exhaust piping. Thecircumferential surface of the steam distributing device 32 fits tightly to the interior'wall of the liner 20. ln order to obtain this steam tight junction, special movable parts may be arranged at suit-able points and maintained in proper position by the steam pressure. l

i The valve operates as follows:

l/Vhen the engine is to be operated in the forward direction, the shaft 29 is rotated so as to bring the openings 24 and 25 of the liner v2O into alinement respectively with the inlet andoutlet ports 16 `and119. The engine is then set in motion and the shaft 31 rotates in the directionot the arrow shown in Fig. 3 so as to carry the openings 33 and 34 of the distributing valve past said openings 24 and 25 respectively. Assuming that the piston is at its highest position, the admission' lead to the passage 16 for the steam supply will have been previously opened, that is to say, the side e orl the opening 33 of the distributingdevice 32 (see Fig. 3) will have been moved to1 the left or' the side a of the opening 24 or' the valve lincr20 a distance suiiicient to form the admissionlead. At the same time the exhaust must have taken place through the exhaust lead, that is to say, the side g of the opening 34 in the valve 32 must have been moved to the right ofthe side Z of the opening 25 of the valve liner 2O a distance sufiicient` to form the exhaust.. lead.

, The admission-steam, which enters through the compartment 11 in the valvel or .distributing device, passes through the opening 33, the opening 24, the passage 16, and the port above the piston into the cylinder 1. The exhaust steam at the other end of the cylinder end escapes through the ports 4, the passage 19, through the opening 25 in the movable valve liner and through the opening 34 intoithe exhaust chamber `13 (Figll). The openings 33v and 34 have such dimensions andare so disposed that, in the position of the steam distributing device 32 at the end of the admission stroke of the piston an equal area of each of said openings is at opposite sides of -an imaginary perpendicular line passing through the vshaft 31 and the middle of the distance between the passages 16 and 17 as well as 15S-and 19, that is to say, the points e and f, and g and 7L respectively are situated at the same distance from this perpendicular line. Hence it follows, that this symmetry also exists, when the openings 24 and 25 are placed in alinement with the passages 17 and 18 respectively, thus rendering the valve reversible.

During the Yforward movement oit the engine, the passages 16 and 19 respectively serve to admit and exhaust the steam, whereas the rate of the supply and outlet depends upon the length of the openings 33 and 34. lVhen it is desired to reverse thedirectionv of rotation of the engine, the shaft 29 is turned so that the openings 24 and 25 of the valve liner 20 are moved .into alinement with the passages 17 and 18 respectively as shown in Fig. 4.

The valve liner `20 and the valve or steam distributing device 32 are so constructed, that when the valve stands with the admission lead in position for causing forward movement of the engine and the valve liner 29 is moved to its `other extreme position, the valve' 32 will `give the same admission yThis position ot the parts is illustrated in lead, but inthe oppositel directionl of. rotation. The same is true of the exhaust lead.

Hence it follows, thatthesteam admission opening '33 is equal to the distance between the inner side of the opening 24 in its extreme positions, plus twice the width of the admission: lead. In the same way theexhaust opening 34 is equal to the distance `between the inner sideof the opening 25 in its extreme position, plus twice the width ofk the exhaust-lead. Afterreversing the valve liner 20 to secure a reversal ofV the engine the different parts will take the positions shown in Fig. 4, the valve 32 nowbeing in its other extreme position, havingbeen movedin the direction indicated by the arrow. The distance between the side Z) of the openingv24 and the side f of the opening 33 lwill control the admission. It `is further stated, that when the valve liner `20 is moved so that the openings 24 and 25 are placedin the middle of the space between the passages 17, and 18, all supply and exhaust of steam is completely excluded and the engine stops.

F ig. 5. `lt is evident, that this symmetric position of the steam supply; and exhaust openings 33, 34is ofpositive influence on the steam distribution, and is therefore or' great importance Ato the invention. Y Y 95 Although I have'herein shown andv described only yone form ofvalve embodying my invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may .be made herein without departing from the spirit oi' this invention, and the'spirit and scope of: the appended claims.

l declare that what I claim is: i r

1. A valve, comprising a` easingV having a chamber formed thereinand provided with a plurality of passages dispo-sed at oppositeV sides of and lin communication with said chamber, said passages beingarranged in pairs diametrically opposite veach other, =a shaft mounted ior rotation. in .one L end of said casing and carrying a valve liner having a pair of openings disposed in. position to be brought into register with either pair of said passages, a shafl't journaled at its opposite ends respectively in one end Vofthe casing and intheend oi said hrstshaift and carrying a valve rotatable vwithin said valve liner, said valve having a pair of'chambers one in communication with a-souree of fluid supply and the other in'communication with'an 120 exhaust *outletl and provided with openings disposed in position 4to alternately communicate withr the openings in said valve liner.

2. In a valve, the combination with a casing having a chamber in communication with a source of fluid supply,'a` second chamber in communication with `an exhaust outlet, an intermediate chamber between said supply and exhaust chambers, and a pluralityof 4passages in communication `with said inter- 130 mediate chamber, of a rotatable Valve member having a pair of chambers one in communication with Said supply Chamber and the other in communication With said exhaust chamber, each of Said valve chambers being provided with an opening for communicating with said intermediate chamber, and -a rotatable member between said Valve and intermediate chamber for controlling said communication.

In testimony whereof I aiiX my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

GIJSBERTUS GROENEWEGEN. Witnesses:

O. J. C. BURTON, W. V. J OVITSMA. 

